SRMS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE

To Study the Vaginal Cytological Changes in Term Pregnant Women and to Determine its role in Predicting the Onset of Labor

2023-09-11T12:21:39+0530

Introduction: To study the vaginal cytological changes in
pregnant women and to determine its diagnostic accuracy in
predicting the onset of labor.
Material and methods: This prospective case study was
conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,
SRMS IMS, Bareilly on 100 antenatal patients admitted at term
(37–42 weeks). Vaginal cytology was studied in subjects in the
pre-labor stage and these subjects were followed in early labor.
Results: As the gestation period increases, there is an
alteration in vaginal cytology under hormonal change. Due
to a decrease in progesterone hormone at term, the number
of intermediate cells decreases and that of superficial cells
increases under the effect of estrogen hormone. Cluster cells
also decrease. The sensitivity and specificity of superficial
cells was 76.25 and 45%, respectively in predicting labor onset
within 3 days.
Conclusion: Progesterone

Propylthiouracil Induced Neurotoxicity in Swiss Albino Mice Fetus

2023-09-11T12:14:21+0530

Introduction: Anti-thyroid drugs are used to treat hyperthyroidism in pregnancy, as pregnancy-associated hyperthyroidism causes fetal and maternal complications. Propylthiouracil is recommended for the treatment of hyperthyroidism in the first trimester, though limited reports of congenital anomalies are associated with its antenatal usage.
Aim: The present study aims to reveal the teratogenicity of propylthiouracil by studying its neurotoxic effect in mice fetuses.
Material and Methods: Propylthiouracil was orally administered in a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight/day to pregnant Swiss albino mice during the period of organogenesis (treated group), while pregnant dams of control group were given distilled water orally (same volume and for same duration). The pregnancy was terminatedon the 18th day of conception after sacrificing the pregnant dams and fetuses were collected. The fetal brains (from both, control and treated groups) were dissected out, examined and processed for further histological study.
Results: The brains of the treated group shows hemorrhagic spots on gross examination, while microscopic examination shows degeneration in the hippocampal area, degenerated
choroid plexus and dilatation of lateral and fourth ventricles along with the destruction of ependymal lining of these ventricles. No such findings are present in brain of control
group.
Conclusion: The safety of propylthiouracil must be re-evaluated through large randomised clinical trials, as it is observed to have neurotoxic effect on mice fetus in the present study

Adverse Childhood Experiences and Harmful Health Behaviour among Youth: A Cross-sectional Study in Western Uttar Pradesh

2023-09-11T12:19:42+0530

Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are quite
common and significantly affect adolescent health, reproductive
health, smoking, alcoholism, illicit drug use, sexual behaviour,
mental health, and job performance. The present study aims
to determine how prevalent ACE are among youth and the
prevalence of harmful behaviour among research participants.
Further determine the correlation of ACE with the harmful
behaviour among study participants.

Setup Errors in Interfraction Radiotherapy in Patients of Head and Neck Cancer

2023-09-11T12:18:30+0530

Reproducibility of daily position is necessary for
efficacious delivery of radiotherapy. There are uncertainties
during the delivery of radiotherapy which increases the risk of
inadequate dose delivery to the target as well as unnecessary
irradiation of nearby normal tissues. These uncertainties, known
as setup errors, should be clinically in order to attain optimum
planning target volume (PTV) margins. The present study aims
to find out the optimum PTV margins in our department with
existing immobilization system and imaging facilities.

Estimation of serum bile acid level for diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, and its correlation with maternal and fetal outcome

2023-09-11T12:17:35+0530

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is a
disease characterized by pruritis over limbs associated with
increased level of liver enzymes seen in the second and/
or third trimester after ruling out other causes. Incidence of
intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy varies widely, ranging
from < 1 to 27.6%. It causes adverse effects on the maternal
outcome, fetal, and/or neonatal outcome

Dose Escalation by Intraluminal Brachytherapy in Cancer Esophagus – A Retrospective Audit

2023-09-11T12:48:16+0530

Introduction- Chemoradiation (CRT) in esophageal cancer as a definitive modality of treatment has shown an increasing trend of utilization over surgical modalities. Local failures after chemoradiotherapy have led to the concept of radiation dose escalation, but simultaneously it leads to the concerns of radiation related toxicities of strictures and fistulas. Considering this fact dose escalation with intraluminal brachytherapy seems and optimal option. The present study retrospectively analyzed the safety and efficacy of using ILBT as a boost after external beam radiotherapy.
Materials and Methods- Records of patients with Esophageal Carcinoma (EC) registered in the radiotherapy department between December 2008 to June 2016 were retrospectively
analyzed. Data was collected on patient, tumor and treatment characteristics and patient outcomes. The toxicitieshematological or radiation-induced were documented. The
response assessment after treatment and survival parameters were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were done for survival parameters. Statistical significance was considered if p-value was less than 0.05.
Results- A total of 69 patients were eligible for the present analysis. Male to female ratio 1.09:1, with median age of 60 years. The common primary side was the middle 1/3rd esophagus. The mean tumor length was 6.4cm and all patients had squamous cell carcinoma. EBRT dose of 59.4 Gy was received 94.2% of patients, 13 (18.8%) received ILRT radiotherapy with 6Gy in a single setting. The median concurrent chemotherapy administered were 5. Grade 3 and 4 acute hematological toxicities were seen in terms of anemia (7.2%), leucopenia (18.8%) and thrombocytopenia (1.4%). Stenosis was seen in 40.6% of patients among which only 13 patients required dilatation. Nine of the patients receiving intraluminal brachytherapy (ILBT) developed fistula. The compete response was better in ILBT group (84.61 vs 57.49%, p=0.07). The median overall survival for all patients was 15 months. Overall survival was increased in patients of ILBT group (41 months versus 12 months, p=0.005).
Conclusion- ILBT has the advantage of high precision and avoidance of dose to critical structures which could be optimally used for dose escalation in patients of cancer esophagus.

Computed Tomography Evaluation of Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhages

2023-09-11T12:23:52+0530

To d escribe t he e tiology a nd s pectrum o f fi ndings o n
computed tomography in patients with spontaneous intracranial
hemorrhages and study the correlation of volume and site of
intracranial hemorrhages with clinical outcome at the time of
discharge.

Diagnostic Utility of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide Findings in Patients of Asthma, COPD and Asthma and COPD Overlap

2023-09-11T12:06:56+0530

Asthma, COPD and COOP Overlap Syndrome
are among the most prevalent chronic disorders affecting the
general population. The study was intended to understand the
diagnostic utility of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO)
testing in Asthma, COPD and Asthma COPD Overlap syndrome
patients.

Spectrum of Skin Dermatoses among Patients of Substance Use Disorder: A Hospital-based Study

2023-09-11T12:47:44+0530

Introduction: Various substances of abuse are known to cause specific cutaneous manifestations. Cutaneous manifestations are associated with the use of cocaine, methamphetamine, heroin, marijuana, alcohol, anabolic steroids, and general signs of drug abuse, including the stigmata of injection drug use, infectious complications, and vascular complications. However, the literature on the same is very limited from the Indian subcontinent. The purpose of the study is to find out various dermatoses in patients of substance use disorder.
Materials and Methods: In the present study, 46 Diagnosed cases of substance use disorder as per the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder-5 (DSM-5)1 and confirmed by a qualified psychiatrist, were taken. The cutaneous examination was performed accordingly. Laboratory investigations were done as per need.
Results: Mean age was 42.21 ± 16.64. The majority of the patients were illiterate (41.3%) and 26.1% were either graduate or postgraduate and 21.7% were high school pass and 6.5%
were in middle school and the minority had primary school education (4.3%). The majority of the patients had complaints of raised lesions (56.5%) and followed by redness (23.9%), pain (19.6%), burning (13%) and oozing (13%) discomfort and flaking of skin (10.9%), rash (8.7%), light spots (6.5%) and fluid-filled lesions (4.3%).
Conclusion: Few substances were associated with specific dermatoses. However, there is very little data, so this study will add upon the minuscule literature on this topic.

Health Benefits in a New Era of Medicine: Probiotics as Nutraceutical

2023-09-11T12:25:43+0530

We are aware of the function and needs of the six major
nutrients found in food: water, vitamins, minerals, fats, proteins,
and carbs. In addition to these elements, foods also include
other vital nutrients that are required for good health and are
increasingly popular. The idea of "functionality" was inspired
by this comprehensive view of nutrition. Due to its potential for
having beneficial nutritional, safe, therapeutic, and effective
impacts, nutraceuticals have recently gained a lot of attention.
They might be involved in biological activities like gene
expression, antioxidant defenses, cell division, and upkeep of
the mitochondria's integrity. Nutritional supplements are used
to boost immunity, prevent chronic diseases, slow down the
aging process, and ultimately raise.

Intensity Modulated Radiotherapy in a Rare Case of Spinal Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Case Report

2023-09-11T12:27:32+0530

Primary spinal cord glioblastoma multiforme
(GBM) is a rare clinical entity with an aggressive course and
an invariably dismal prognosis. There are around 200 reported
cases of spinal cord GBM in total and approximately 70 cases
in the cervical region. Median survival for this disorder is only
12 months. We report a case of a 36 year old female patient
with primary spinal cord GBM.